How to Get a Gun License in Texas: Step-by-Step Guide

Owning a firearm is a significant responsibility, and in Texas, obtaining a gun license involves a clear process designed to ensure safety and compliance with state laws. Whether you’re looking to protect your home, enjoy recreational shooting, or carry a firearm for personal defense, knowing the steps to get licensed is essential.

I’ve often heard people assume it’s complicated, but Texas actually makes it pretty straightforward if you meet the requirements. From understanding eligibility to completing the necessary training, each step is crucial to ensure you’re legally prepared. Let’s break it down so you can navigate the process with confidence.

Understanding Gun Laws In Texas

Texas has some of the most well-known gun laws in the country. It’s important to know these laws before applying for a license. The laws cover who can own a gun, where you can carry one, and what types are allowed. If someone owns or plans to carry a firearm in Texas, understanding these rules of the road is essential.

To own a gun in Texas, a person must be at least 18 years old. Federal laws, however, require someone to be 21 if buying a handgun from a licensed dealer. Those with certain criminal records, restraining orders, or specific mental health issues are prohibited from owning firearms. This ensures public safety while letting responsible individuals exercise their rights.

Open carry of handguns became legal in Texas in 2021 through the “Constitutional Carry” law. This allows people 21 or older to carry a handgun without a license, as long as they aren’t restricted by federal or state laws. However, private properties can set their own rules—look out for signs saying “no firearms.” Texas law also prohibits carrying in specific places like schools, courthouses, and polling stations.

For buying a gun, no background check is required for private sales between individuals in Texas. However, licensed dealers run required checks through the FBI’s National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS). Fun fact—Texas leads the country in the number of registered firearms, totaling over 1 million.

One misunderstanding is that all Texans can own machine guns or suppressors. Federal laws regulate these under the National Firearms Act (NFA); special permissions and taxes apply for those items. Hunters, ranchers, and sport shooters might find this useful, as suppressed guns reduce noise but still require proper handling.

The good news? If you’re a law-abiding adult in Texas, the state’s gun laws are designed to protect both individual rights and public safety. Knowing the details gives you peace of mind and confidence in following the rules.

Eligibility Requirements For A Gun License

Getting a gun license in Texas means meeting specific eligibility requirements. Texas has made the process clear, but certain rules ensure responsible ownership. Whether you’re new to firearms or familiar with them, understanding these key criteria helps you move forward confidently.

Age And Residency Criteria

Applicants must be at least 21 years old or 18 years old if serving in the military. Texas does not make exceptions for underage civilians. You need to prove legal residency, whether you’re a U.S. citizen or hold a lawful permanent resident status. Acceptable documents include a Texas Driver License or an ID card showing you’ve lived in Texas for at least six months.

Criminal Background Checks

Before issuing a license, the state runs a detailed criminal background check. Those with recent felony convictions or specific misdemeanors, like assault or domestic violence, aren’t eligible. If it’s been over five years since the conviction of certain misdemeanors, you may apply. The Texas Department of Public Safety (DPS) provides clear guidance about disqualifications on their official page.

Mental Health Considerations

Mental health plays a big part in eligibility. If a court has deemed someone mentally incompetent or committed them for treatment, they cannot qualify. But with improved conditions and proper records documenting mental fitness, individuals can reapply. Texas ensures public safety while giving individuals an avenue to regain eligibility with time and proof.

Steps To Apply For A Gun License In Texas

Getting a gun license in Texas isn’t as tricky as it sounds if you know the steps. I’ve broken them down here to make the process easier for anyone ready to take on this responsibility. It’s all about preparation, paperwork, and patience.

Completing The Application Process

Start by visiting the official Texas Department of Public Safety (DPS) website. You’ll find the online application form under the “Handgun Licensing” section. Fill it out carefully, as mistakes could delay your approval. Once done, submit it electronically.

After submitting, schedule your fingerprinting appointment through Identogo. It’s required for the background check. Expect the appointment to take about 10-15 minutes. Once fingerprints are submitted, they’re sent directly to DPS for processing.

Make sure to enroll in a License to Carry (LTC) class, which includes classroom instruction and a shooting proficiency test. The course typically takes 4-6 hours. After completing it, you’ll receive a certificate, which is required to complete your application.

Required Documentation

Gather the required documents before starting your application to save time. You’ll need:

• A valid government-issued ID, like a driver’s license or state ID.
• Your LTC course completion certificate.
• Proof of U.S. citizenship or legal residency, such as a passport or permanent resident card.
• Any relevant court documentation, if applicable (e.g., dismissal of felonies).

Submitting accurate documents ensures there aren’t delays. Double-check the information matches your records exactly. Use high-quality scans if submitting online.

Fees And Payment

The application fee for most people is $40, but discounts apply for certain groups. For instance, veterans and active military personnel pay $25, while senior citizens (age 60+) only pay $25 too. If you’re below the poverty line, you may qualify for a reduced fee.

Fees must be paid online during the application process using a credit or debit card. Once payment is complete, you’ll receive a confirmation email with further instructions.

Firearm Safety Training And Testing

Taking proper firearm safety training is a must for responsible gun ownership. In Texas, completing this step helps ensure that you know the laws, understand safe practices, and pass the required tests for a gun license.

Course Requirements

The License to Carry (LTC) class is required for most applicants. It’s a mix of in-person or online lessons and hands-on shooting practice. The class usually lasts 4-6 hours and covers gun laws, safe handling, proper storage, non-lethal force options, and conflict de-escalation. Some classes outline the legal use of deadly force under Texas law, helping you make informed decisions.

You’ll also attend a live-fire practice session at a shooting range. The instructor will guide you to shoot a minimum of 50 rounds, focusing on accuracy and safety throughout. Bring your handgun and 50-100 rounds of ammunition for this part. If unsure about calibers or specific firearms, instructors often provide rentals.

Exam Details

The LTC course includes a 30-question written test and a shooting proficiency exam. On the written part, expect multiple-choice and true-or-false questions about safety rules, regulations, and best practices. A passing score is typically set at 70% or higher, so paying attention in class helps.

For the shooting exam, participants need to fire at a target placed at distances of 3, 7, and 15 yards. Different points apply based on shot placement, and scores are calculated out of 250. Hitting close to the bullseye earns more points, with 175 being the passing threshold.

Practice before the exam ensures confidence. Range instructors frequently offer tips or special drills for improving aim. Familiarize yourself with your firearm since comfort with the weapon boosts accuracy.

Processing And Receiving Your License

Getting a gun license in Texas takes time, patience, and proper preparation. After submitting your application and completing the required steps, you’ll enter the processing phase. This is where your information is verified before you can officially receive your license.

Application Review Timeline

The Texas Department of Public Safety (DPS) typically processes applications within 60 days of receiving all required documents and completing the background check. If you’re missing paperwork or there’s an issue with your criminal history or residency, the process might take longer. Keep an eye on your email since DPS will notify you if they need additional information.

If more than 60 days pass, reach out to DPS directly through their contact page to check your application status. Applicants often find it helpful to ensure everything is correct and double-check submission dates to avoid unnecessary delays.

Renewal And Expiration Information

Once you get your License to Carry (LTC), it’s valid for five years. Renewal is straightforward and can be done entirely online. Start the process about six months before your license expires to avoid lapses. DPS sends renewal reminders to your registered email address, so make sure it’s up to date.

Don’t forget, missing your renewal deadline means starting over as a first-time applicant, including the class, exams, and fees. Veterans and active military members may qualify for discounted renewal fees—check the DPS website for exact rates. Proactive renewals save time and ensure you’re always compliant with Texas gun laws.

Conclusion

Understanding how to get a gun license in Texas is an important step toward responsible firearm ownership. By following the outlined process, meeting eligibility requirements, and completing the necessary training, you can navigate the system with confidence.

Texas values both individual rights and public safety, and obtaining a License to Carry reflects your commitment to these principles. Stay informed about state and federal regulations, prioritize safety, and ensure you’re fully prepared to handle firearms responsibly.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. Who is eligible to obtain a gun license in Texas?

To obtain a gun license in Texas, applicants must be at least 21 years old (18 for military members), a legal resident or U.S. citizen, and pass a background check. Those with recent felony convictions, certain misdemeanors, or a history of mental incompetency are ineligible.

2. Do I need a gun license to carry a firearm in Texas?

Under Texas’s “Constitutional Carry” law, qualified individuals 21 or older can open or concealed carry without a license. However, a License to Carry (LTC) offers additional benefits, such as bypassing background checks for firearm purchases.

3. What is required for the License to Carry (LTC) class?

Applicants must attend a 4-6 hour LTC class covering gun laws, firearm safety, and de-escalation techniques. The class includes a 30-question written exam and a shooting proficiency test. A score of 70% or higher is required to pass.

4. How do I apply for a gun license in Texas?

Start by filling out an online application on the Texas Department of Public Safety (DPS) website. Then, schedule a fingerprinting appointment, complete the LTC class, and submit all required documents, including proof of residency, ID, and completion certificates.

5. How long does it take to get a gun license in Texas?

The Texas DPS typically processes applications within 60 days of receiving all required documents and completing the background check. Applicants can monitor their email for updates or additional requests.

6. Can I purchase a gun in Texas without a background check?

Licensed firearm dealers must conduct background checks for sales, but private sales between individuals do not require them. Always follow state and federal regulations when buying or selling firearms privately.

7. What is the cost of obtaining a Texas gun license?

The application fee for a Texas License to Carry is $40, with discounts available for veterans, active military members, and senior citizens. Fees must be paid online during the application process.

8. How long is a Texas gun license valid for?

The License to Carry (LTC) is valid for five years. Renewal is recommended six months before expiration to avoid retaking the application steps, including classes and exams.

9. Does the LTC class involve live-fire training?

Yes, the LTC course includes a live-fire practice session where applicants must demonstrate shooting accuracy at various distances. Practice beforehand is encouraged to ensure success.

10. Are machine guns or suppressors legal in Texas?

Ownership of machine guns and suppressors is heavily regulated under federal law. Applicants must comply with federal requirements, including special paperwork and taxes, to legally own these items.